<item>• <hi format=ital>note:</hi> there may be a new capital district of Nouakchott
</list>
<item><hi format=bold>Independence:</hi> 28 November 1960 (from France)
<item><hi format=bold>National holiday:</hi> Independence Day, 28 November (1960)
<item><hi format=bold>Constitution:</hi> 12 July 1991
<item><hi format=bold>Legal system:</hi> three-tier system: Islamic (Shari'a) courts, special courts, state security courts (in the process of being eliminated)
<item><hi format=bold>Suffrage:</hi> 18 years of age; universal
<item><hi format=bold>Executive branch:</hi>
<list style=hang>
<item>• <hi format=ital>chief of state and head of government:</hi> President Col. Maaouya Ould Sid'Ahmed TAYA (since 12 December 1984); election last held January 1992 (next to be held January 1998); results—President Col. Maaouya Ould Sid 'Ahmed TAYA elected
<item>• <hi format=ital>cabinet:</hi> Council of Ministers
<item><hi format=bold>Political parties and leaders:</hi> legalized by constitution passed 12 July 1991, however, politics continue to be tribally based; emerging parties include Democratic and Social Republican Party (PRDS), led by President Col. Maaouya Ould Sid'Ahmed TAYA; Union of Democratic Forces—New Era (UFD/NE), headed by Ahmed Ould DADDAH; Assembly for Democracy and Unity (RDU), Ahmed Ould SIDI BABA; Popular Social and Democratic Union (UPSD), Mohamed Mahmoud Ould MAH; Mauritanian Party for Renewal (PMR), Hameida BOUCHRAYA; National Avant-Garde Party (PAN), Khattry Ould JIDDOU; Mauritanian Party of the Democratic Center (PCDM), Bamba Ould SIDI BADI
<item><hi format=bold>Other political or pressure groups:</hi> Mauritanian Workers Union (UTM)
<item><hi format=bold>Flag:</hi> green with a yellow five-pointed star above a yellow, horizontal crescent; the closed side of the crescent is down; the crescent, star, and color green are traditional symbols of Islam